鹽城激光切割系統故障問題分類有哪些？

數控(kong)系統的(de)故(gu)障問題可按(an)故(gu)障問題的(de)性質、表象、原因或(huo)后果等分類。

(1)以故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)產(chan)生的(de)部位，分成(cheng)硬件(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)和系統(tong)(tong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。硬件(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)是指(zhi)電子、電器件(jian)(jian)、印制(zhi)電路(lu)板、電線電纜、接插(cha)件(jian)(jian)等的(de)出(chu)現異常狀態甚至于(yu)(yu)(yu)受損，這也是需要(yao)修理甚至于(yu)(yu)(yu)更換才可解(jie)決的(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。而系統(tong)(tong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)一般是指(zhi)PLC邏(luo)輯控(kong)制(zhi)程序中(zhong)造成(cheng)的(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)，需要(yao)輸入或(huo)改動一些數(shu)值(zhi)甚至于(yu)(yu)(yu)改動PLC程序即可解(jie)決的(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。零件(jian)(jian)加工程序故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)也歸屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)系統(tong)(tong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。最嚴(yan)重的(de)系統(tong)(tong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)則(ze)是數(shu)控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)缺損甚至于(yu)(yu)(yu)丟失，這就只能與生產(chan)廠商或(huo)其服務平臺聯絡解(jie)決了(le)。

(2)以故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)現時有(you)無(wu)提(ti)(ti)醒(xing)，分(fen)成(cheng)有(you)診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)醒(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)無(wu)診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)醒(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。當今的(de)(de)數(shu)控(kong)系統(tong)都(dou)設計(ji)方案有(you)內置的(de)(de)自診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)程(cheng)序，時實(shi)監控(kong)整個系統(tong)的(de)(de)軟(ruan)、硬件性能(neng)，一旦(dan)發(fa)現故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)則會立即報警或(huo)是也(ye)有(you)簡要(yao)文字(zi)描述(shu)在(zai)屏幕上顯示(shi)出(chu)來，結合系統(tong)配備(bei)的(de)(de)診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)手冊不(bu)(bu)僅能(neng)夠找到(dao)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)產生的(de)(de)原因、部(bu)(bu)位，并且(qie)也(ye)有(you)解決(jue)的(de)(de)方法提(ti)(ti)醒(xing)。機(ji)床制造者也(ye)會針對具體(ti)機(ji)床設計(ji)方案有(you)有(you)關的(de)(de)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)提(ti)(ti)醒(xing)及(ji)診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)使(shi)用說明。上述(shu)這兩部(bu)(bu)分(fen)有(you)診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)醒(xing)的(de)(de)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)加上各電氣裝置上的(de)(de)各類(lei)指示(shi)燈使(shi)得絕大多(duo)數(shu)電氣故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)解決(jue)比較(jiao)容易(yi)。無(wu)診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)醒(xing)的(de)(de)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)一部(bu)(bu)分(fen)是上述(shu)兩種診(zhen)(zhen)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)程(cheng)序的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)完整性所致(如開關不(bu)(bu)閉合、接插松(song)動等)。這類(lei)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)則要(yao)借(jie)助對造成(cheng)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)的(de)(de)工作過程(cheng)和(he)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)現象及(ji)后果(guo)，并借(jie)助維修人員對機(ji)床的(de)(de)熟練(lian)掌握水(shui)平和(he)專業(ye)能(neng)力具體(ti)分(fen)析(xi)、解決(jue)。

(3)以故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)出(chu)現時(shi)有(you)無破(po)壞(huai)(huai)性，分成破(po)壞(huai)(huai)性故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)和(he)非破(po)壞(huai)(huai)性故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)。對(dui)于破(po)壞(huai)(huai)性故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)，受損(sun)(sun)產品工件(jian)甚至(zhi)于設備的(de)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)，維修時(shi)不允(yun)許重(zhong)演，這(zhe)時(shi)只能(neng)根據造成故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)時(shi)的(de)現象進行相應的(de)檢查、剖析(xi)來解決之，專(zhuan)業能(neng)力(li)較高且有(you)相應安全風(feng)險。如果很有(you)可能(neng)會受損(sun)(sun)產品工件(jian)，則可卸(xie)下產品工件(jian)，試著重(zhong)現故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)問(wen)題(ti)過程，但(dan)應十(shi)分小(xiao)心。

(4)以故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)出現的(de)(de)或(huo)然性(xing)，分(fen)成系(xi)統(tong)性(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)和隨機性(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)。系(xi)統(tong)性(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)是指只要(yao)滿足相(xiang)應的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)則一定會造成的(de)(de)確定的(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)；而隨機性(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)是指在同樣的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)下偶爾產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)，這類故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)剖(pou)析(xi)比(bi)較(jiao)困難，一般 多與(yu)機床(chuang)機械結構的(de)(de)局(ju)部(bu)松(song)動錯位、部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)氣產(chan)(chan)品工件特(te)性(xing)漂移或(huo)可(ke)靠性(xing)降低(di)、電(dian)氣裝置內部(bu)溫度過高有(you)關(guan)。此類故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)剖(pou)析(xi)需經反復試驗、綜合性(xing)判定才很有(you)可(ke)能解決(jue)。

(5)以(yi)設(she)備(bei)的(de)運動品質(zhi)特(te)性(xing)來(lai)衡量(liang)，則(ze)是設(she)備(bei)運動特(te)性(xing)下降的(de)故障問題。在這種情(qing)況下，設(she)備(bei)雖能正常運轉卻加(jia)工不出合格(ge)的(de)產品工件。例如(ru)設(she)備(bei)定位精度超差(cha)、反向(xiang)死區過(guo)大、坐標運行不平穩等。這類故障問題必須(xu)采用檢測儀器(qi)診斷出造(zao)成誤差(cha)的(de)機、電(dian)環(huan)節，隨后(hou)根據對(dui)機械傳動系(xi)統、數(shu)控系(xi)統和伺服系(xi)統的(de)最佳(jia)化調(diao)整(zheng)來(lai)解決。